What is Shoring(ताकबंदी )?


ताकबंदी (shoring ):-
                            संरचनाओं की दीवारों व स्तम्भो की नीँव के लिए भूमि को गहरा खोदना पड़ता हैं नीव की गहराई के अनुसार यह गहराई एक मीटर से कई मीटर तक हो सकती हैं।  सीवर प्रणाली में यह गहराई 3 -10 मीटर  तक गहरी चली जाती हैं। 
                    द्रढ़  मृदा (Hard Soil) में यह गहराई स्थिर रह सकती हैं परन्तु नर्म व ढीली मृदा में खाई की पार्श्व फलक के सीधी खड़ी  नहीं रह सकती और ढह कर खाई को पाट देती हैं। 
जिसके परिणाम स्वरुप निर्माण कार्य रुक जाता हैं और कभी कभी गंभीर दुर्घटनाएं भी हो जातें हैं।  अतः सामान्य तथा ढीली मृदा  में  1.5   (2 मीटर  PWD के अनुसार )  मीटर की गहराई से निचे जाने पर खाइयों की तख्ताबंदी करना आवश्यक हैं।  कठोर तथा ढीली मृदा  में 2 से 2.5 मीटर से निचे, सुरक्षा की दृष्टि से तख्ताबन्दी अवश्य कर  देनी  चाहिए। 
ताकबंदी एक इमारत, पोत, संरचना या तट के साथ खाई को सहारा देने की प्रक्रिया है (ढलान) जब ढहने का खतरा होता है या मरम्मत या परिवर्तन के दौरान। ताकबंदी तट से आता है, एक लकड़ी या धातु का प्रोप। ताकबंदी ऊर्ध्वाधर, कोण, या क्षैतिज हो सकता है।
    img sourece_wikipedia 

संरचना की कुल लागत को देख़ते हुए, खाइयों कि तख्ताबंदी  पर बहुत कम व्यय आता हैं अतः निर्माण कर्मियों की सुरक्षा की दृष्टि से यह व्यय करना आवश्यक और उचित हैं नीव का कार्य पूर्ण हो जाने के पश्चात तख्ताबंदी हटा दि जाती हैं| 
तख्ताबंदी(Shuttering) के प्रकार :-                     
  1.   खुली तख्ताबंदी ()
  2.   बंद तख्ताबंदी () 
  1. खुली तख्ताबंदी (Open shuttering ):-  जब खाई की मृदा  कुछ कम फिसलने वाली हो, तब खुली तख्ताबंदी प्रयोग की जाती हैं। खुली तख्ताबंदी में पोलिंग बोर्ड कुछ दुरी पर खड़े किये जातें हैं। 

2. बंद तख्ताबंदी (Close shuttering ):- जब खाई की मृदा अधिक फिसलने वाली हो, तब बंद तख्ताबंदी प्रयोग में लानी चाहियें।  बंद तख्ताबंदी में पोलिंग बोर्ड पास-पास, एक दूसरे से सटाकर खड़े किये जातें हैं।  
            

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