Reinforced Cement Concrete( प्रबलित कंक्रीट) (R.C.C.)
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failure of a rivet joints
Rivet Rivets are short ductile and cylindrical bars that are used for making a permanent mechanical joint. The process of forming a riveted joint is called riveting. A rivet is divided into 3 parts i.e., the head at one end, the tapered tail, and shank, The portion between the head and tail as shown in the figure. As it is a permanent joint it cannot be disassembled without the failure of the machine component. The material of rivet should be tough and ductile. They are usually made of low carbon steel, nickel steel, Brass, Aluminum, copper, etc. Physics Behind Rivetting. The main function of a rivet is to make a connection, That has the strength to prevent failure and tightness to prevent leakage. For connecting “> 2 metal plates, firstly holes are punched and reamed. The plates are then separated to remove any burrs or chips. The cylindrical cold or red-hot rivet is then inserted into the hole. Then the head is backed by a hammer or heavy bar and then the Die as shown in the figur...
What are defect of high rise buildings.causes of building defects?
⇒ What are defect of high rise buildings. A structural defect is defined as actual physical damage to the designated load-bearing elements of a structure, or the ingress of water into the waterproofing envelope, attributable to a defect in design, workmanship or materials, to the extent that the structure becomes unsafe or otherwise unlivable. Defect:- A defect is a building flaw or design mistake that reduces the value of the building , and causes a dangerous condition. A construction defect can arise due to many factors, such as poor workmanship or the use of inferior materials. Building defects do not appear to have been minimized despite recent advancements in building technology. Some common defects caused by agents such as atmospheric pollution, poor workmanship or the use of inferior materials and climatic conditions are more frequent. Defective building construction not only contributes to the final cost of the product but also to the cost of main...
Design of Structures: Welded Connection
INTRODUCTION The development of welding technology in 1940s has considerably reduced the riveted joint applications. Welding is the method of locally melting the metals (sheets or plates – overlapping or butting) with intensive heating along with a filler metal or without it and allowing cooling them to form a coherent mass, thus creating a joint. A typical weld showing various zones of weld is shown in Fig. 7.1. Such joints can be created to make structures, boilers, pressure vessels, etc. and are more conveniently made in steel. The progress has been made in welding several types of steels, but large structure size may impede the use of automatic techniques and heat treatment which becomes necessary in some cases. Welded ships were made in large size and large number during Second World War and failures of many of them spurted research efforts to make welding a better technology. ADVANTAGES OF WELDED CONNECTIONS The gross sectional area of the welded members is effective since the we...
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